Pseudoexfoliative Syndrome. Incidence
Published 2026 - 44th Congress of the ESCRS
Reference: POGAU018 | Type: Poster | DOI: 10.82333/wynq-t167
Authors: Dr Justo Luís Noriega Martínez* 1 , Dr Jhony Sandro Castañeda Rojas 2 , Dr Sonia Yanet Estrada Artal 3 , Dr Ana María Ballester Quesada 4 , Dr Noemí Josefina Chacca Magaño 5
1Oftalmología,Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba,La Habana,Cuba;Córnea ,Cornea-Cuántica YJC,Lima,Peru, 2Oftalmología,Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima,Lima,Peru;Glaucoma,Clínica de Ojos Ñahui,Lima,Peru, 3Oftalmología,Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba,Manzanillo,Cuba;Oftalmología,Clínica de Ojos Ñahui,Lima,Peru, 4Oftalmología,Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín,Holguín,Cuba;Retina,Clínica de Ojos Ñahui,Lima,Peru, 5Oftalmología,Universidad Federico Villareal,Lima,Peru;Glaucoma,Clínica de Ojos Ñahui,Lima,Peru
Purpose
Genetic, environmental, and geographical factors are correlated to determine and establish the high incidence of SPEX in patients who attended the Ñahui Ophthalmology Clinic.
Setting
The persistence of modified genetic sequelae, and consequently expressions and patterns of diseases, pathognomonic in geographical areas different and distant from ours, continues to exist in our region to this day. Pseudo-exfoliative syndrome (SPEX) is one of the classic examples; this systemic disease, an age-related degenerative fibrillopathy associated with genetic and environmental factors, is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal fibrillar material.
Methods
General aspects of the study. Temporal and geographical context, and overall study design. This is a case series study in patients diagnosed with SPEX. The research is classified as a descriptive–correlational–longitudinal–prospective study in patients diagnosed with SPEX.
Results
Given the alarming and increasing incidence of cases with pseudoexfoliation syndrome in our population, the results obtained in our study show that 98% of the patients studied come from the highlands, with the highlands of Cajamarca (39%), Huaraz (18%), and Huanchaco (9%) contributing the most to our case series, respectively. Females are the most affected, with a ratio of 4 to 1 compared to males. 93% of the eyes studied present a normal anterior chamber. White and nuclear cataracts associated with zonular dialysis are present in 9%. We had one case where, once the IOL was implanted and the paracentesis closed, the IOL luxated into the vitreous, and was finally fixated to the iris.
Conclusions
Without the presence of a diagnostic system that allows us to evaluate and define the etiology of the high incidence and prevalence in our patients with SPEX, it is impossible to determine the proper diagnosis. Whether it is due to environmental–geographical and genetic modifications, isolated results alone are insufficient and inconclusive to make a diagnosis with complete certainty.
We are of the opinion that pseudoexfoliation cases in our population do not correspond to environmental and geographic factors. We do not discount the possibility of their influence, but we attribute the weight to genetic factors, pending confirmation through causal genomic typing.