Incidence And Progression Of Diabetic Retinopathy After Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

This study aims to evaluate the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) following cataract surgery. Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and its associated ocular complications, understanding the impact of cataract surgery on DR is crucial for optimizing patient management and outcomes.

The review encompasses data from multiple studies conducted across various regions, including North America, Europe, and Asia. The included studies feature diverse patient populations with varying degrees of diabetic retinopathy and different types of cataract surgery.

A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed, including studies that reported on the incidence or progression of DR post-cataract surgery. Data extraction was conducted independently by three authors, focusing on demographic information, study design, types of surgery, and DR outcomes. A random-effects model was utilized for the meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics. Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots and Egger’s test.

The analysis included 15 studies with over 7,000 patients. The findings indicated a significantly higher incidence of postoperative DR compared to control groups. However, in paired studies, no significant difference in DR progression was observed. The results highlight the need for careful monitoring of DR in diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Cataract surgery in patients with diabetes is associated with an increased incidence of diabetic retinopathy. Clinicians should be aware of this risk and implement appropriate follow-up strategies to monitor and manage DR progression in these patients.