Analysis Of The Distribution And Influencing Factors Of Pupil Diameter In Age Related Cataract Patients

To analyze the pupil diameter and influencing factors in age related cataract patients, including the correlation between pupil diameter, age, gender, eye and biometer parameters. To describe distribution characteristics of  pupil diameter of different ages.

Pupil diameter has become an important parameter for preoperative evaluation of refractive surgery. Clinical research reports that for patients with small pupils, the implantation of refractive multifocal intraocular lenses in Cataract surgery may lead to poor near vision function. Larger scotopic pupil sizes may be partially responsible for the occurrence of postoperative symptoms. An accurate pupil measurement to determine appropriate treatment zones is necessary for refractive surgeons.

A cross-sectional study. This study included patients with age-related cataracts over the age of 40. Medical record of 1275 eyes of 1275 patients were reviewed. The pre-operative pupil diameter of the patient was determined by the wavefront aberration analyzer (OPD Scan Ⅲ, Nidek), which measured the photopic pupil distance (PPD), mesopic pupil distance (MPD). The biometer parameters of the same patient were examined by using low coherence optical biometric instruments (LS900, Lenstar), which included axial length (AL), mean keratometry (Km), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and corneal white to white (WTW). The correlation between pupil diameter, age, gender, eye and biometer parameters were analyzed.

A total of 1275 patients were included,with an average age of 62.89±10.14 years old.The mean PPD was 3.64±0.66mm, and the mean MPD was 4.83±0.84mm.The patients were divided into five groups based on 10-year intervals, revealing distinct variations in PPD and MPD across various age ranges. There is a disparity in PPD between individuals aged 40-59 and those aged over 60. The PPD for individuals aged 60 and above is relatively low, but the disparity is also minimal. There is a negative correlation between MPD and age (r=-0.228, P<0.001). As AL increases, the overall trend of PPD and MPD also rises, and a weak positive correlation exists between them. The influence of AL on PPD is more pronounced (MPD: r=0.069, P=0.013; PPD: r=0.139, P=0.001).

In cataract patients who are over the age of 40, there exists a negative correlation between pupil diameter and age, whereas a positive correlation exists between pupil diameter and AL.