Comparison And Association Of Cataract Surgery Indicators Before And During Covid-19 Pandemic
Published 2024 - 42nd Congress of the ESCRS
Reference: PP04.17 | Type: Free paper | DOI: 10.82333/yhp5-h076
Authors: Puspadevi Armugham 1 , Prof. Madya Dr. Wan Haslina Wan Abdul Halim* 2 , Mohamad Aziz Salowi 3
1ophthalmology,National University of Malaysia,kuala lumpur ,Malaysia;ophthalmology,Hospital Selayang,selangor,Malaysia;ophthalmology,Hospital Sultan Ismail,johor ,Malaysia, 2ophthalmology,National University of Malaysia,kuala lumpur ,Malaysia, 3ophthalmology,Hospital Selayang,selangor,Malaysia
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of cataract surgery before (year 2018-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (year 2020-2021) in the MOH facilities in Malaysia.
Setting
Retrospective registry study on the collected data on all the cataract surgery registered with the cataract surgery registry (CSR) from January 1, 2018, until December 31, 2021
Methods
This was a registry review of the Cataract Surgery Registry, involving all patients aged 50 and above who have undergone cataract surgery from January 2018 to December 2021 in the
Malaysian Ministry of Health Government hospitals. The prevalence of cataract surgical rate (CSR), complications of untreated cataracts, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity (VA), percentage of intraoperative complications during cataract surgery, the incidence of endophthalmitis, the association between the patient clinical characteristics with posterior capsular rupture (PCR), zonular dialysis and visual acuity and the association between surgery factors with PCR, zonular dialysis and visual acuity were all studied.
Results
A total of 139,148 patients aged 50 years and above who have undergone cataract operations for senile cataracts between the years 2018 till 2021 were analyzed.During the pandemic,there was slightly higher PCR rate compared to before the pandemic(Crude OR 1.2, p < 0.001).After adjusting for other factors in multiple logistic regression,around 0.9-fold less likely to have PCR during pandemic (Adjusted OR 0.9, p = 0.021).Noted higher incidence of zonular dialysis(1.7%, pre-pandemic,and it increased to 2.1% during the pandemic).During the pandemic, there was a statistically significant increase in the odds of having postoperative visual acuity worse than 6/12.The risk of endophthalmitis were comparable.The p-value for this association was 0.489
Conclusions
The pandemic precipitated a marked reduction in the Cataract Surgery Rate (CSR) per million population per annum compared to the pre-pandemic era. Additionally, Malaysian patients undergoing cataract surgery displayed a younger demographic than their international counterparts. The investigation revealed that factors encompassing ethnicity, ocular comorbidities, procedure duration, cataract operation type, and postoperative visual acuity played pivotal roles in amplifying risks of complications such as posterior capsular rupture (PCR) and zonular dialysis. These findings underscore the imperative of meticulous risk assessment and the implementation of suitable preventative measures to avert complications during cataract surgery