Relationship Between Lifestyle And The Progression Of Refractive Status In Teenagers – A Portuguese Cohort From The Oporto Myopia Study
Published 2024 - 42nd Congress of the ESCRS
Reference: FP05.12 | Type: Free paper | DOI: 10.82333/20xh-pj54
Authors: Beatriz Costa Vieira* 1 , João Heitor Marques 2 , Paulo Sousa 1 , Saul Pires 1 , Renato Ambrósio 3 , Pedro Menéres 2 , João Melo Beirão 4 , Pedro Manuel Baptista 5
1Ophthalmology,Centro Hospitalar do Porto,Oporto,Portugal, 2Ophthalmology,Centro Hospitalar do Porto,Oporto,Portugal;Instituto de Ciências Abel Salazar,Oporto,Portugal, 3Rio de Janeiro Corneal Tomography and Biomechanics Study Group,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;Cornea and Refractive,Instituto de Olhos Renato Ambrósio,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;Ophthalmology,Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO),Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP),Sãopao Palo,Brazil;Brazilian Study Group of Artificial Intelligence and Corneal Analysis - BrAIN,Rio de Janeiro & Maceió,Portugal, 4Centro Hospitalar do Porto,Oporto,Portugal;Instituto de Ciências Abel Salazar,Oporto,Portugal, 5Ophthalmology,Centro Hospitalar do Porto,Oporto,Portugal;Ophthalmology,Instituto de Ciências Abel Salazar,Oporto,Portugal
Purpose
To describe, in a cohort of Portuguese teenagers, lifestyle and refractive status - Sphere (S), Cilinder (C) and Spherical Equivalent (SE) – as well as its progression along with follow-up, given through deltas of progression for absolute Sphere (Δ_S), Cilinder (Δ_C) and Spherical Equivalent (Δ_SE).
To correlate lifestyle data with final refractive status and with its progression from the baseline.
Setting
Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
Methods
Prospective cohort study. Data was collected from 2 timepoints, spaced by 2.2 (+-0.3) years. General health and lifestyle data was collected at the end of follow up through a questionnaire. Objective refractive status was assessed in both timepoints, through the KR-800 Auto Kerato-Refractometer (TOPCON, Japan). Subgroup analysis were made to address differences in individuals with family history of myopia, allergic diseases and predominantly ventral sleeping position and in eyes with ipsilateral sleeping position, ocular surface symptoms and those submitted to scratching habits. Correlations (Spearman's rank and Pearson coefficients) were addressed between biometric parameters and the individual lifestyle variables (in hours).
Results
The present study included 126 eyes from 63 individuals, with a mean age at baseline of 14.2(+-2.6) years old. Eyes from individuals with predominantly ventral sleeping position had lower C at follow up (0.464 VS 0.875, p 0.02). Higher myopic S ( -1.271 VS -0.482, p 0.038) and SE (-1.619 VS -0.726, p 0.017) at follow up and larger Δ_SE (0.414 VS 0.125, p 0.040) were found in eyes with reported eye scratching habits had. Eyes with reported ocular surface symptoms also revealed higher Δ_SE ( 0.484 VS 0.172, p 0.049). We found a positive correlation between weekly hours of outdoor activity and Δ_SE (Spearman 0.168, p 0.06).
Conclusions
The present study highlights the importance of lifestyle history and habits, namely those related with scratching habits and ocular surface symptoms, in the refractive status of the eye and its change over time, in young individuals during adolescence. These data are important to help design effective strategies for preventing the global myopia epidemic in the coming decades.