EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC PROFILE OF VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS.

Published 2022 - 26th ESCRS Winter Meeting

Reference: P187 | Type: Abstracts | DOI: 10.82333/t4pc-8v32

Authors: Omar Nabih* ¹ , doha hamidallah ¹ , loubna el maaloum ¹ , bouchra allali ¹ , asmaa el kettani ¹

¹Pediatric ophtalmology department, Hopital 20 Août 1953 Casablanca Morocco,Laboratoires Théa,CASABLANCA,Morocco

Purpose

The aim of our work is to establish the epidemiological, clinical as well as the therapeutic profile in our African context, and to compare our results with those of the literature.

Setting

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (KCV) is an allergic disease of the ocular surface, mainly affecting young children. It is held responsible for episodes of corneal-conjunctival inflammation.There are various epidemiological-clinical presentations that differs from one geographic region to another.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study from January 2019 to October 2021.34 patients were enrolled. The diagnosis of KCV was based on a routine eye examination. Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic informations were gathered from followup files and registers. Were excluded: patients with incomplete consultation files or insufficient information, or not found.

Results

The average age is 9 years with extremes from 2 to 20 years. 77.1% of patients were under 12 years old at the time of diagnosis. A male predominance was observed : 68.6%, with a sex ratio (M / F) of 2.1. 40% of cases had other associated allergic disorders. Complaints were dominated by itching (pruritus ) (68.5%), redness (57.1%) and photophobia (48.6%). hyperemia and mucous discharge dominated the clinical signs 83% and 51.4% respectively. The tarsal form is observed in 51.4% of children, followed by the mixed form in 28.5%.The severity was classified from mild to moderate in 91.5% (grade I and II of the classification of M. Sachetti et al).

Three cases of cornea affections : superficial punctate keratitis in two patients and a vernal plaque in the third. Anti-granulants have been prescribed for all of our patients. Antihistamines were prescribed in combination with anti-granulants in 60% of patients Corticosteroids were used in 31.4% of patients, 22.9% of which were moderate

The use of molecules with low ocular absorption such as fluorometholone has been found. A corticodependency case received 2% local cyclosporine. A case of corneal plaque required surgical debridement of the plaque.

Conclusion

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a well-defined pathology that is often easily diagnosed.The problem of its management is due to its prolonged evolution.