Correlation Analysis Of Horizontal And Vertical Ciliary Sulcus Diameters Across Diverse Refractive Populations

Published 2025 - 43rd Congress of the ESCRS

Reference: FP18.03 | Type: Free paper | DOI: 10.82333/1chh-yf74

Authors: Suvira Jain* ¹ , Krishna Vaitheeswaran ² , Tanvi Ganatra ¹ , Veena Karkhele ¹

¹K.B. Haji Bachooali Hospital,Mumbai,India, ²Moolchand Hospital,Delhi,India

Purpose

This study investigates the morphological distribution of horizontal and vertical ciliary sulcus-to-sulcus distances (STS) in individuals with varying degrees of myopia, examining their correlations and differences. The aim is to provide an objective reference for personalized clinical treatment and selection of implantable collamer lens (ICL) models.

Setting

This retrospective clinical study analyzed the auxiliary examination results of 244 patients who underwent implantable collamer lens (ICL) surgery for myopia correction at our hospital from June 2021 to November 2024. The cohort included 78 male patients (32.0%) and 166 female patients (68.0%), with a mean age of 26.15±7.53 years. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their spherical equivalent (SE): moderate myopia, high myopia , and super high myopia ).

Methods

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was used to measure the horizontal diameter of the ciliary sulcus (hSTS) and vertical diameter of the ciliary sulcus (vSTS). Without grouping, hSTS values ranged from 10.50 mm to 13.00 mm, vSTS values from 11.00 mm to 14.00 mm, and VSTS-HSTS differences from -1.00 mm to 2.00 mm, grouped in intervals of 0.50 mm. The ratio of hSTS/vSTS ranged from 0.850 to 1.050, with an interval difference of 0.025 as the reference range. The distribution of hSTS, vSTS, vSTS-hSTS,and hSTS/vSTS across all samples was described. Differences between vSTS and hSTS in different myopic groups were compared, and correlations between diopter and both vSTS and hSTS were analyzed separately

Results

The highest proportion of the total was observed in the range 11.50<hSTS≤ 12.00, accounting for 38.6%. Similarly, the range 12.50<vSTS ≤13.00 accounted for 37.4% of the total. The interval 0.50< v-h ≤ 1.00 represented the largest proportion at 48.4%, while the ratio within the range 0.950 < h/v ≤ 0.975 was the highest at 50.8%. In the super high myopia group, the proportion of "11.50<vSTS ≤ 12.00" was significantly lower compared to both the high and moderate myopia groups (P<0.05). The proportion of "13.50<vSTS≤14.00" in the super high myopia group was significantly higher than that in the moderate myopia group (P<0.05).

Conclusions

This is the first study to characterize the distribution of horizontal and vertical ciliary sulcus diameters in individuals with varying degrees of myopia, including moderate, high, and super high myopia. In the general population, the ciliary sulcus predominantly exhibits a vertically oval shape; circular and horizontally oval shapes are rare. As the degree of myopia increases, indicated by a higher spherical equivalent , the disparity between the vertical and horizontal ciliary sulcus diameters becomes more pronounced. The findings are anticipated to provide a novel anatomical reference for personalized ICL size selection,prevention and management of postoperative complications, and the development of a new ICL calculation formula.