Corneal Biomechanical Properties In Myopic And Hyperopic Adults
Published 2023 - 41st Congress of the ESCRS
Reference: PO0904 | Type: Free paper | DOI: 10.82333/6c30-5f40
Authors: Maria Cristina Marinescu* 1 , Catalina Corbu 2 , Vasile Potop 3 , Valeria Coviltir 3 , Mihaela Constantin 2 , Dana Dascalescu 4 , Miruna Burcel 5 , Radu Ciuluvica 6 , Liliana Voinea 7
1Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bucharest,Romania;Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies,Bucharest,Romania, 2Ophthalmology,Oftaclinic,Bucharest,Romania, 3Ophthalmology,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bucharest,Romania;Ophthalmology,Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies,Bucharest,Romania, 4Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bucharest,Romania;Ophthalmology,Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies,Bucharest,Romania, 5Ophthalmology,Videle City Hospital,Videle,Romania, 6Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bucharest,Romania, 7Ophthalmology,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bucharest,Romania
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between corneal biomechanics and ocular morphology in myopic young adults, in comparison to hyperopic young adults.
Setting
Myopia is an ophthalmological pathology with a significant impact on quality of life and a projected prevalence of 52% worldwide by 2050. Recent literature suggests there are important differences between myopic and hyperopic eyes in terms of corneal biomechanical properties, while these properties may also help identify a higher risk of myopia progression and complications onset. Comparatively, in hyperopia corneal biomechanics may not necessarily indicate progression risk.
Methods
The study included 72 eyes, from 72 patients between the ages of 18 and 38. The right eye was randomly chosen. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, gathering the following data: spherical equivalent (SE) (under pharmacological cycloplegia), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), biomechanical parameters - corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF). SE under ≤ -0.50 Spherical Diopters was the inclusion criteria for the myopic group, while SE > 0.50 D defined the hyperopic group.
The Independent Samples T Test was used to identify significant differences between the two groups and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (“Pearson’s r”) to identify correlations between variables.
Results
The average age was 28.05 years old (69.44% female, 30.55% male), with 43 myopic eyes and 29 hyperopic eyes. Myopic eyes had a significantly lower CH (10.50 mmHg), CRF (10.43 mmHg) and CCT (542.31 µm), and higher AL (24.09 mm) than hyperopic eyes (13.4 mmHg, 13.28 mmHg, 582.10 µm and, respectively, 22.95 mm), with p < 0.001.
In myopes there are statistically significant negative correlations between AL and CH (Pearson’s r -0.305), AL - SE (r -0.672), and positive between AL and CCT (r 0.327), CH - SE (r 0.400), CCT - CRF (r 0.433). Similarly, in the hyperopic group the AL - SE correlation is negative (r -0.674), and the CCT - CRF correlation positive (r 0.667), while CCT - SE (r -0.478) and CCT - CH (r 0.686) are statistically significant.
Conclusions
To summarize, our study brings to light the complex interactions between corneal biomechanics, ocular morphology, and refractive status in myopic and hyperopic young adults. In myopic eyes, the axial length was significantly higher and the central corneal thickness, corneal hysteresis, and corneal resistance factor significantly lower compared to hyperopic eyes. There were significant correlations between morphological and biomechanical parameters: CH and AL or SE, CRF and CCT, SE or CCT and AL in myopic eyes. In hyperopes, there are significant correlations between CCT and either CRF, CH or SE, and between AL and SE.
Acknowledgement: All authors had equal contribution