Hyperopic Keratoconus: Investigation & Descriptive Analysis

The study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City's outpatient ophthalmology clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Keratoconus patients arrived to the clinic for uncorrected visual acuity assessment using snellen E chart and autorefraction. Then, corrected visual acuity was assessed based on autorefraction measurement and based on subjective refraction. Finally, axial length measurement and corneal topomraphy were obtained for each keratoconus patient

The study design was cross-sectional

Inclusion criteria:
•All keratoconus patients in King Abdulaziz Medical City who demonstrated hyperopic refractive error or mixed astigmatism
Exclusion criteria:

•Soft contact lens used within one week of data collection
•Hard contact lens use within two weeks of data collection
•History of ocular surgery or intervention
•Unobtainable autorefraction result

A total of 100 eyes of 50 keratoconus patient with simple hyperopic, compound hyperopic or mixed astigmatism (hyperopic spherical equivalent) were included. Their corneal tomographic data (K1, K2, Kmax, pupil center and cone location) were analyzed and described. Axial length measurements did not demonstrate axial hyperopia

Hyperopic keratoconus was prevalent in our studied sample. The displased steepening in these cases led to a centrally relatively flat zone corresponding to the visual axis that resulted in a hyperopic shift. Mixed astigmatism reasonably explain the siscoring reflex by retinoscopy. Autorefraction was unreliable for vision correction compared to subjective refraction